Churn.



Patented July 25, |899. N. .1. Tus.

.C H U R N (Application led Aug. 18, 1898.)

(No Model.)

WTNESSES UNITED STATES PATENT EricE;

NELSON J. TUBBS, OF KNOXVILLE, TENNESSEE, ASSIG'NOR OF ONE-HALF TO TOM J. LANDRUM, OF LOUISVILLE, KENTUCKY.

CHURN.

SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No. 629,479, dated July 25, 1899.

Application filed August 18, 1898. Serial No. 688,918. (No model.)

To ctZZ whom, it may concern:

Beit known that I, NELSON J. TUBBS, a citizen of the United States of America, residing at Knoxville, in the county of Knox and State of Tennessee, have invented certain new and useful Improvements in Ohurns; and Ido hereby declare the following to be a full, clear, and exact description of the invention, such as will enable others skilled in the art to which it appertains to make and use the same.

This invention is an improvement in churns; and the object of the said invention is to provide a churn which shall be compact, strong, and durable and in operation will be economical in producing the greatest amount of butter with the least waste of material and with a minimum expense of power.

The invention is more particularly an improvement upon the apparatus shown and de! scribed in my Patent No. '60l,389,dated March 29, 1898; and to this end the present invention consists in the peculiar construction and arrangement of the parts to produce a churn that will give the best results and attain the above objects in the easiest possible manner.

The following specification en ters into a detail description of my invention, reference being had to the accompanying drawings andto letters thereon which designate the diiferent parts, and what I consider to be the novel features of construction and combination of parts are more specifically set forth in the appended claims.

In the drawings forming part of this specification, Figure l is a vertical sectional view of a churn constructed in accordance with my invention. Fig. 2 is an enlarged detail view of the air-pump, including the devices for connecting the cylinder of said pump with the hollow piston-rod. Fig. 3 is a plan view of the churn. Fig. 4 is an enlarged detail view'of the lower dasher.

With reference to said drawings, A desigr nates the supporting-base of the apparatus, upon which the barrel or churn-body B is mounted, and adjoining the churn-body is bolted to said base or formed integrally a socket O, in vwhich is stepped a tubular standard D, supporting the operating mechanism of the churn. Thestandard is secured in the socket by a set-screw c and firmly braced by the inclined rods CZ d, bolted at their lower ends to the base and connected at their con# tiguous upper ends to a collar D', slidable upon the standard and held adj usted thereon by a set-screw CZ'. Supported upon the upper vend of the tubular standard D is a casting or with the required strength, while-the yoke, p

portion has a boss e4, forming a bearing on a line with the bearing c5 at the upper end of the vertical arm c'.

A horizontal power-shaft F is journaled in the bearings e4 and e5, and to its inner end is keyed a large bevel gear-wheel G, while to the outer end is attached a crank H, by which power' is applied to said shaft. The bevel gear-wheel meshes with abevel-pinion g, fixed to the sectional dasher-rod I, said dasher-rod being hollow, for the purpose hereinafter explained, and is j ournaled in the bearin g-boxes carried by the yoke of the casting or frame E, while its lower end is stepped'in a socket b at the center of the bottom of the churnbody. The flasher-rod is spliced on a linev with the upper end of the churn-body, the joint being covered and held fast by a sliding collar i, which fits the rod snugly, and is lim ited in its downward movement by a pin i'.

Secured to the lower end of the dasher-rod and located a slight distance above the bot tom of the churn is a dasher,l comprising a rectangular plate K, upon which are secured blades presenting vertical portions 7c, connecting with flaring wings Ze, said wings being all disposed at the same angle with respect to the rotation of the dasher. The Vertical portions of the dasher-blades are provided with openings 702, for the purpose hereinafter explained.' Extending vdiagonally across the under side of the plate K aretubes L, which are closed at their outer ends and at their inner ends open into the hollow flasher-rod, said tubes having perforations Z near their outer ends, which discharge in the IOO direction of the rotation of the clasher. The lower en d of the daslier-rod is conical an d bears in a corresponding recess in the socket b to reduce friction and prevent lateral displacement of said rod. Adjustably mounted upon the dasher-rod is a second dasher M, consisting of a hub m, from which extend blades m', disposed in a like manner to the blades of a rotary fan, the deflect-ion of said blades being such with respect to the rotation of the dasherrod as to force the cream downward. This dasher is held in an adjusted position upon the rod by means of a set-screw m2.

Vithin the churn-body and at the sides thereof are located boards N, which are vertically disposed and are of such width as not to interfere with the rotary dashers, said boards being provided at their inner edge with a vertical series of openings n and at their lower ends with openings a'. These boards are held in place by a spur 0 at their lower end, which enters the bottom of the churnbody, and a-spur o' at the inner side of their upper end, which enters the side of said churnbody, the upper ends heilig firmly held in such engagement by a cross-bar O, of springwire, the central portion of which is curved in the segment 0f a circle to give the required resiliency and not interfere with any desired adjustment of the upper dasher.

At the upper end of the frame E which supports the driving mechanism of the churn is integrally formedaring e6,internallythreaded to receive the open end of a pump-cylinder P, which is screwed thereinto. The cylinder incloses a reciprocating piston R, carrying a leather or iiexible packing r and provided in the` periphery of the head with longitudinal grooves r', through which air passes into the rear end of the cylinder on the outstroke of said piston. The piston is operated byapitman-rod S, connected to a wrist-pin S, carried by a wrist-wheel S', keyed to the upper end of the sectional dasher-rod I, and turned by said rod through the intervention of the gearing mechanism hereinbefore described. This air-pump lis for the purpose of forcing air into the churn-body or cream therein during the operation of churning, the air being conducted through the hollow flasher-rod and outthrough the perforations l below the lower dasher. To this end the pu nip-cylinder is connected to the hollow dasher-rod by a bent pipe T, extending from the rear end of said cylinder into al chamber u, formed in the center of the upper bearing for the dasher-rod, the latter having opposite perforations t2, establishing comm unication between the chamber and bore in the dasher-rod.

From the foregoing description, in connection with the accompanying drawings, the construction, operation, and practical advantages of my invention will be readily apparent, for upon the' rotation of the dasher-rod by means of the crank and interposed gearing a thorough agitation and complete aeration of the cream are effected, the dashers keeping up a rapid circulation, forcing the cream against the side boards and through the openings therein, while the quantity of air thatis introduced into the bottom of the churn will serve, in connection with the lower dasher, to cause a further or more complete agitation. lt will also be noted that by providing the side boards or breakers with a vertical series of openings, as herein shown, instead of the openings at opposite ends, as in my prior patent referred to, the currents caused by the dashers are broken into fine streams, which creates a greater agitation of the cream. `When the churning operation is completed, the frame E can be swung upon its supporting-standard to a position to one side of the churn-body after disjointing the sections of the dasher-rod and loosening the set-screw in the socket e. This will give free access to the barrel or churn-bod y and permit the breakers and lower section of the dasher-rod to be yreadily removed for the purpose of scraping the butter therefrom.

By the particularconstruction and arrangement of the parts constituting my improved churning apparatus the said parts can be readily disconnected and stored in compact form, so as to occupy but a minimum amount of space and also permit of the apparatus being readily assembled when required for use. The particular construction, furthermore, provides an apparatus of this character which is strong and durable and also compact, besides possessing the more impoi'- tant advantage of reducing to a minimum the labor of churning.

Having thus particularly described my invention, what I claim as new, and desire to secure by Letters Patent, is-

l. In a churn,the combination of the supporting-frame presenting bearings for the flasher-rod and driving-shaft, the upper bearing for the dasher-rod forming an air-chamber and the supporting-frame extended upward beyond said air-chamber and provided with a threaded opening; a hollow flasher-rod having an opening entering the air-chamber and extended above the latter, and bevelgears for turning the dasher-rod from the driving-shaft; together with a wrist-wheel secured to the extended upper end of the dasher-rod, a cylinder screwed into the threaded opening of the supporting-frame, a pipe connecting the cylinder to the air-chamber,a` piston working in the cylinder, and a pitman-rod connecting the piston to the wrist-wheel,as herein shown and described.

2. In a churn, the combination, of a supporting-frame for the driving mechanism, comprising a standard D and frame or casting E, the latter consisting of a socket c receiving the upper end of the standard, avertical bearing-arm c' extending upward from said socket, an arm e2 projecting horizontally from the former arm, and a vertically-disposed yoke c3 having upper and lower bearn ings for the flasher-rod, a central bearing on IOO IIO

a line with the bearing of the arin e', and an upper extension e provided with a threaded opening horizontally disposed,the upper bearing for the dasher-rod forming an air-chainber below the plane of the threaded opening; together with a jointed hollow dasher-rod eX- tended above the air-chamber and having an opening entering the latter, a wrist-wheel fixed on the extended end of the dasher-rod, a cylinder screwed into the threaded opening of the franie,'a pipe connecting the cylinder to the air-chamber, a piston working in the cylinder, and a pitman-rod connected tothe piston and wrist-wheel,substan tially as shown and described.

3. In a churn, the combination with the body, of the boards or breakers N provided with a vertical series of openings n andan opening n at their lower end; spurs 0 and o' projecting from the breakers, and a curved cross-bar engaging the upper ends of said breakers; together with a dasher comprising- 

